Free software Essay

The freedom to run the chopine, for any purpose (freedom 0). The freedom to study how the program functions, and change it so it does your computing as you wish (freedom 1). introduction to the start enrol is a precondition for this. The freedom to redistribute copies so you bathroom help your neighbor (freedom 2). The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others (freedom 3). By doing this you tummy give the whole community a chance to benefit from your changes. Access to the source code is a precondition for this You are free to (1)study it, (2)redistribute it, and (3) characterise it. 2. wherefore is Linux popular?Why is it popular in academia? toll Labs offered it to educational institutions at nominal cost. The schools, in turn, go ford it in their estimator science programs, ensuring that computer science students became familiar with it. Because UNIX was such an advanced evolution system, the students became acclimated to a sophisticated progra mming environment. As these students graduated and went into industry, they expected to change state in a similarly advanced environment. As more of them worked their focusing up the ladder in the commercial world, the UNIX operational system erect its way into industryThe source code for the operating system is pronto available so that students can understand more easily how wildebeest/Linux works and can modify the code further to understand its process and change the way it works. 3. What are multisubstance abuser systems? Why are they successful? communion the computers power among some(prenominal) an(prenominal) users and tolerant them the ability to dole out data and programs are central features of the system. a multiuser operating system allows many people to use all of the system resources almost simultaneously The use of costly resources can be maximized and the cost per user can beminimizedthe primary objectives of a multiuser operating system. 4. What is the Fr ee Software tail end/GNU? What is Linux? Which parts of the Linux operating system did each provide? Who else has helped take a shit and refine this operating system? The Free Software Foundation (www. fsf. org) is the lede organizational sponsor of the GNU Project. GNU developed many of the tools, including the C compiler, that are part of the GNU/Linux Operating System Linux is the name of an operating system warmheartedness developed by Linus Torvalds and expanded and improved by thousands of people on the Internet.Torvaldss kernel and GNUs tools work together as the GNU/Linux Operating System 5. In which talking to is Linux create verbally? What does the language substantiate to do with the success of Linux? 95% is written in C. Because Linux is portable, it can be adapted (ported) to different machines and can tinge special requirements. For example, Linux is used in embedded computers, such as the mavens assemble in cellphones, PDAs, and the cable boxes on top of man y 10 Chapter 1 Welcome to Linux and Mac OS X TVs. The file social structure takes beat advantage of large, fast hard disks.Equally important, Linux was originally designed as a multiuser operating systemit was not modified to serve several(prenominal) users as an afterthought. Sharing the computers power among many users and giving them the ability to share data and programs are central features of the system 6. What is a utility program? otften reffered to as involves These utilities perform functions that are universally infallible by users. The sort utility, for example, puts lists (or groups of lists) in alphabetical or numerical aver and can be used to sort lists by part number, coating name, city, ZIP code, telephone number, age, size, cost, and so forth.A utility (program), sometimes referred to as a command, is a program that performs a task that is frequently relate to the operating system. A utility is simpler than an application program although there is no clear l ine separating the two 7. What is a shell? How does it work with the kernel? With the user? In a textual environment, the shellthe command spokespersonacts as an interface between you and the operating system. its the link between user and kernal to tell it what to do. or view what the kernal is doing. its the command line interface that accepts foreplay from the user.8. How can you use utility programs and a shell to create your witness applications? Write a shell hand, also called a shell program, or a batch file under DOS. A shell script is one or more command lines contained in a file. crop the file executable and give the name of the file as a command The shell executes the commands in the file, as though you had typed each command individually 9. Why is the Linux filesystem referred to as hierarchical? The Linux filesystem provides a structure whereby files are coherent under directories, which are like folders or boxes.Each directory has a name and can hold other files and directories. Directories, in turn, are arranged under other directories, and so forth, in a treelike organization. This structure helps users keep track of large numbers of files by grouping link up files in directories. Each user has one primary directory and as many subdirectories as required 10. What is the difference between a multi processor and a multiprocessing system? multi processor is a computer that has more than one processor (processing units) andmultiprocessing system is the fact that it can process multiple tasks at the same time parallel processing is the use of more than one central processor in a computer system 11. Give an example of when you would exigency to use a multiprocessing system. Multiprocessing is the use of more than one CPU in a computer system so when you have more than one CPU you can take advantage of it. Multiprocessing sometimes refers to the execution of multiple concurrent software processes in a system as opposed to a single process at any one instant 12. Approximately how many people wrote Linux?Why is this project unique? The Linux kernel was developed by Finnish undergraduate student Linus Torvalds The Linux operating system, which was developed through the cooperation of many, many people well-nigh the world, is a product of the Internet and is a free 13. What are the notice terms of the GNU General Public License? The GPL says you have the mighty to copy, modify, and redistribute the code covered by the agreement When you redistribute the code, however, you mustiness also distribute the same license with the code, thereby making the code and the license inseparable.